What is PARTICULATE MATTER (PM)?

Particulate matter, which is also known as particle pollution, is a concoction of solid particles and liquid droplets found in the air.

On the basis of size, particulate matter can be classified into two

categories:-

PM 10- These are the inhalable particles and their diameter could

be either 10 micrometers or even smaller.

PM2.5- These are the fine inhalable particles with a diameter of 2.5

or even smaller.

These particles exist in many sizes and shapes and are formed by the

chemicals reactions in the atmosphere. Some of these are emitted by

construction sites, unpaved roads, fields, smokestacks or fires.

Particulate matter are mainly of two types:- Viable particles and Non-

Viable particles

Viable Particulate Matter: These particles include living

organisms’ algae, bacteria, molds, fungi, etc. They are dispersed

into the air. Human beings are allergic to these microorganisms

and they can also cause different types of disease in plants and

animals.

Non-Viable Particulate Matter: These are classified on the basis of

size and their nature and include particles like smoke, dust,

fumes etc.

The particles present in the air, results in the formation of complex

reactions such as sulfur dioxides and nitrogen oxides which are

emitted from power plants, industries and automobiles.

These types of matters are extremely small and if they are inhaled,

they can cause serious health problems. Particles whose ranges are

below 10 micrometer can penetrate deep into our lungs and

bloodstream and can even result in death.

There are some organizations working fighting air pollution. Some of

them are mentioned below:-

EPA, which stands for Environmental Protection Agency,

regulates the inhalable particles. Large particles, such as that of

sand and ash, which are larger than 10 micrometer, are not regulated

by EPA.

CCA- It stands for Coalition for Clean Air is dedicated to reducing

air pollution and increasing air quality monitoring across the

state. One of the CCA’s goals is to decrease vehicle air pollution.

Sierra Club: The Sierra Club is involved in countless projects and

programs across the world. In one of their roles to help reduce

air pollution, they support other organizations that fight for clean

air (among other environmental issue).

Earthjustice: It is a non-profit law organization that believes in

standards in order for people to breathe pure air, a right, not a

luxury. It aims at changing the fact by helping impacted

communities and ensuring that the Clear Air Act is upheld on

every point, including the reduction of industrial pollution.